БЛАГОДАРНОСТЬ
Редакторы и авторы выражают свою признательность всем специалистам, которые оказали неоценимую помощь при подготовке этого тома:
Anthony Andrews, Sarasota, Florida; Michel Antochiw, Merida, Mexico; Ferdinand Anton, Munich; Ronald L. Bishop, Washington, D. C; Benedicle Bouhours, Paris; James Brady, American Embassy, Guatemala; Emile Deletaille, Brussels; David Freidel, Dallas, Texas; Susan Giles, Bristol, England; Ian Graham, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Nikolai Grube, Bonn; Richard Hansen, Los Angeles; Angela Heartfield, Nashivile, Tennessee; Christopher Jones, University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Justin Kerr, New York City; Martha Labell, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Stanley Loten, Ottawa; Mary Ellen Miller, New Haven, Connecticut; Manfred Muhlner, Dresden; Arturo Romano Pacheco, Mexico City; Alessandro Pezzati, Philadelphia; Dorie Reents-Budet, Durham, North Carolina; Merle Greene Robertson, San Francisco; Karl Taube, Riverside, California.
ИЛЛЮСТРАЦИИ
Ниже, с искренней благодарностью авторов, приводится список источников, из которых были взяты иллюстрации для этого тома. Весь перечень организован в три столбца, различные источники в столбцах отмечены косой чертой.
Cover; Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, Washington, D. C. Background Roberto Schezen, New York. End paper: Art by Paul Breeden. 6: Kenneth Garrett, Broad Run, Va. 8-13: Enrique Franco Torrijos, courtesy Mr. and Mrs. John Plunket. 16: Real Academia de la Historia, Madrid. 17: Luis Arenas, Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain. 18, 19: Luis Arenas, Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain; Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. 20, 21: Courtesy of The Edward E. Ayer Collection, The Newberry Library, Chicago— Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. 22: Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. 23: Mireille Vautier, Paris, 24: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photographs by Le Plongeon; third photo from left bottom row from Manly P. Hall Collection at the Philosophical Research Society, Los Angeles. 26: Courtesy Bristol Museums and Art Gallery, England. 27: National Museums and Galleries on Merseyside/Collection Bristol Museums and Art Gallery, England (3); Gianni Dagli Orti, Paris/National Museum of Anthropology, Mexico City. 28, 29: Archiv fur Kunst und Geschichle, Berlin/Museo de America, Madrid. 30: Art by Fred Holz; art by Time-Life Books, courtesy The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania. 31: Art by Time-Life Books, courtesy Linda Scheie (first row down, 3); art by Time-Life Books, courtesy The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 32: Courtesy Yuri Valentinovich Knorozov, Doctor of Historical Science, Academy of Science, U.S.S.R, 33: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by Hillel Burger. 35: Neg. no. 330212, photo by Alfred P. Maudslay, courtesy Department Library Services, American Museum of Natural History, New York. 36, 37: Courtesy the Trustees of the British Library, London. 38: Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. 39: Courtesy the Trustees of the British Library, London. 40, 41: Courtesy Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by T. Maler; Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by T. Maler. 42, 43: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photographs by Edward H. Thompson. 44, 45: Courtesy the Trustees of the British Library, London; Peabody Museum, Harvard University. 46: Norman Hammond, Boston University. 48: Norman Hammond, Boston University—Lowell Georgia. 50, 51: ©Martha Cooper/Peter Arnold, Inc. 52: Lowell Georgia—Eberhard Thiem, Lotos Film, Kaufbeuren/Department of Archaeology, Belmopan, Belize. 53: ©Martha Cooper/Peter Arnold, Inc. 54: Bob Greenlee, Bend, Oreg. 55: Mary Elizabeth Chambers. 56: ©Justin Kerr, New York. 58, 59: Courtesy Richard Hansen. 60, 61: Eberhard Thiern, Lotos Film, Kaufbeuren/Instituto Hondureno de Aniropologia e Historia, Copan—Peter 1. Furst, Devon, Pa. 62: William M. Ferguson, Durango, Colo. 63: James F. Garber, Southwest Texas State University, courtesy David A. Freidel, Dallas. 64: Art by Stephen R. Wagner. 65: ©Martha Cooper/Peter Arnold, Inc. 66: ©Justin Kerr, New York; Lowell Georgia. 67: ©Justin Kerr, New York. 68, 69: ©Justin Kerr, New York, except bottom left, drawing by Michael D. Сое, courtesy The Grolier Club of New York. 71: Enrique Franco Torrijos/Museo Sylvanus G. Morley, Parque National Tikal, Guatemala. 73: Mary Elizabeth Chambers. 74, 75: Enrique Franco Torrijos—William M. Ferguson, Durango, Colo; drawing by Stanley Loten, Ottawa, Ont. 76, 77: William M. Ferguson, Durango, Colo; J. & P. VanKirk, Nobleton, Па.—drawing by Stanley Loten, Ottawa, Ont. 78, 79: Kenneth Garrett, Broad Run, Va.; art by Stephen R. Wagner; Kevin Schafer/ALLSTOCK, Seattle. 80: William L. Fash, DeKalb, HI. 82: ©David Alan Harvey/Woodh'n Camp, Inc. 83: Robert Frerck/Odyssey productions, Chicago—Tony Morrison/South American Pictures, Woodbridge, Suffolk, England. 84: Merle Greene Robertson, copyright 1976. 85: Gianni Dagli Orli, Paris/National Museum of Anthropology, Mexico City. 86: Dr. Arturo Romano Pacheco. 87: Werner Forman Archive, London/National Museum of Anthropology, Mexico City 88, 89: The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania (neg. no. T4-206c3). 90: Kenneth Garrett, Broad Run, Va. 92: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by Hillel Burger. 94: Peabody Museum, Harvard University; ©Richard Alexander Cooke III. 95: Reflejo/Susan Griggs Agency, London. 96, 97: Kenneth Garrett, Broad Run, Va. 98, 99: William L. Fash, DeKalb, III. 100: ©Richard Alexander Cooke III. 101: Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. 102, 103: William L. Fash, DeKalb, III. 104: James E. Brady/Petexbatun Regional Cave Survey, Guatemala. 107: Dallas Museum of Art, J. В. Н. Henderson Memorial Fund; Dallas Museum of Art, gift of Alfred Stendahl. 108, 109: ©Justin Kerr, New York. 110, 111: ©Justin Kerr, New York; Lee Boltin, Croton-on-Hudson, N. Y.; ©Justin Kerr, New York. 112-117: ©Justin Kerr, New York. 118: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by Hillel Burger. 120: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by Hillel Burger/drawing by Dr. Tatiana Proskounakoff. 121: J- & P. VanKirk, Nobleton, Fla. 122: Peabody Museum, Harvard University. 123: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by A. Tozzer. 124: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by Hillel Burger. 125: From The Well of Sacrifice, by Donald Ediger, Doubleday & Co., Garden City, N. Y.. 1971, ©1971 Expeditions Unlimited, Inc. 128, 129: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by Hillel Burger. 130, 131: Background ©1992 Gary Braasch, Portland, Oreg. From Codex DresJensis, Sachsische Landesbibliothek, Dresden, photograph by ADEVA Bildstelle, Graz—William M. Ferguson, Durango, Colo. 132, 133: Background ®David Alan Harvey/Woodfin Camp, Inc. From Codex Dresdensis, Sachsische Landesbibliolhek, Dresden, photograph by ADEVA Bildstelle, Graz; art by Time-Life Books, based on an illustration in The Ancient Maya, by Sylvanus G. Morley and George W. Brainerd (revised by Robert J. Sharer, 4th edition, 1983), Stanford University Press; ®Justin Kerr, New York. 134: From The Temple of the Warriors at Chichen Itza, Yucatan, by Morris, Chariot, and Morris, 1931, Carnegie Institution of Washington. 135: Peabody Museum, Harvard University. 136: ZEFA, London. 139: ®Filmteam/ D. Donne Bryant Stock Picture Agency, Baton Rouge, La. 140, 141: Robert Frerck/Odyssey Productions, Chicago; D. Donne Bryant Stock Picture Agency, Baton Rouge, La.—Enrique Franco Torrijos—Photo Jean Mazenod, L'Art Precolombien, editions Citadelles & Mazenod, Paris. 144, 145: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by Edward H. Thompson. 146, 147: D. Donne Bryant Stock Picture Agency, Baton Rouge, La.—Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by Edward H. Thompson. 149: Jeffrey Jay Foxx/NYC. 151: Eberhard Thiem, Lotos Film, Kaufbeuren/Museo Nacional de Arqueologia у Etnologia, Guatemala City. 152, 153: Eberhard Thiem, Lotos Film, Kaufbeuren/Museo Nacional de Arqueologia у Etnologia, Guatemala City; Hughes Dubois, Brussels, courtesy Treasures of the New World. 154: Eberhard Thiem, Lotos Film, Kaufbeuren/Museo Popol Vuh, Guatemala City. 155: Peter T Furst, Devon, Pa. 156, 157: Eberhard Thiem, Lotos Film, Kaufbeuren/National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution; Dallas Museum of Art, The Eugene and Margaret McDermott Fund, in honor of Mrs. Alex Spence; Hughes Dubois, Brussels, courtesy Treasures of the New World. 158: Hughes Dubois, Brussels, courtesy Treasures of the New World. 159: Peabody Museum, Harvard University, photograph by Hillel Burger. 160, 161: Art by Paul Breeden.
книги
Adams, Richard E. W. Prehistoric Mesoamerica (rev. ed.). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991.
Aveni, Anthony F. Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1983.
Banera Rubio, Alfredo. Official Guide: Uxmal. Mexico City: INAH-SALVAT, 1990.
Baudez, Claude, and Sydney Picasso. Lost Cities of the Maya. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1992.
Benson, Elizabeth P. The Maya World (rev. ed.). New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1977.
Berjonneau, Gerald, and Jean-Luis Sonnery. Rediscovered Masterpieces of Mesoamerica: Mexico-Guatemala-Honduras. Boulogne, France: Editions Arts 135, 1985.
Brunhouse, Robert L. In Search of the Maya: The First Archaeologists. New York: Ballantine Books, 1973.
Carlson, John B. "A Geomantic Model for the Interpretation of Mesoamerican Sites: An Essay in Cross-Cultural Comparison". In Mesoamerican Sites and World-Views, edited by Elizabeth P. Benson. Washington, D. C: Dumbarton Oaks, 1981.
Carrasco, David Religions of Mesoamerica. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1990.
Castellanos, Fernando Robles, and Anthony P. Andrews. "A Review and Synthesis of Recent Postclassic Archaeology in Northern Yucatan". Chapter 3 in Late Lowland Maya Civilization, edited by Jeremy A. Sabloff and E. Wyllys Andrews V, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1986.
Ceram, C. W. Cods, Craves, and Scholars. Translated by E. B. Garside. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1952.
Сое, Michael D.:
Lords of the Underworld. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1978.
The Maya (4th ed). New York: Thames and Hudson, 1991.
The Maya Scrible and His World. New York: Grolier Club, 1973.
Сое, Michael, Dean Snow, and Elizabeth Benson. Atlas of Ancient America. New York: Facts On File, 1989
Сое, William:
Excavations in the Great Plaza, North Terrace, and North Acropolis of Tikal (Tical report no. 14, Vols. 1-6). Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 1990.
Tikal. Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 1988.
Coggins, Clemency Chase, and Orrin C. Shane III (Eds.). Cenote of Sacrifice, Austin: University of Texas Press, 1984.
Danien, Elin C, and Robert J. Sharer (Eds.). New Theories on the Ancient Maya (University Museum Symposium Series, Vol. 3). Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 1992
Davis, Keith F. Desire Charnay: Expeditionary Photographer. Albuquerque: Utiiversity of New Mexico Press, 1981.
Desmond, Lawrence Gustave, and Phyllis Mauch Messenger. A Dream of Maya. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1988.
Ediger, Donald. The Well of Sacrifice. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1971.
Fagan, Brian M.:
The Adventure of Archaeology. Washington, D. C: National Geographic Society, 1985.
Kingdoms of Gold, Kingdoms of Jade. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1991.
Fash, William L. Scribes, Warriors, and Kings. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1991.
Ferguson, William M., and Arthur H.
Rohn. Mesoamerica's Ancient Cities. Niwot: University Press of Colorado, 1990.
Ferguson, William M., and John Q. Royce. Maya Ruins in Central America in Color. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1984.
Furst, Jill Leslie, and Peter T Furst. Pre-Columbian Art of Mexico. New York: Abbeville Press, 1980.
Gallenkamp, Charles. Maya: The Riddle and Rediscovery of a Lost Civilization (3 d rev ed.). New York: Viking, 1985.
Gallenkamp, Charles, and Regina Elise Johnson (Eds.). Maya: Treasures of an Ancient Civilization. New York. Harry N. Abrams, 1985.
I larnmond, Norman. "Preclassic Maya Civilization" Chapter 10 in New Theories on the Ancient Maya, edited by Elin C. Danien and Robert J. Sharer. Philadelphia. University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 1992.
Harris, John F., and Stephen K. Stearns. Understanding Maya Inscriptions. Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 1992.
Hawkes, Jacquetta (Ed.). The World of the Past- New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1963.
Hellmuth, Nicholas M. Ballgame Iconography and Playing Cear. Culver City, Calif.: Foundation for Latin American Anthropological Research, 1987.
Henderson, John S. The World of the Ancient Maya. Ithaca, N. Y.: Cornell University Press, 1981.
Heyden, Doris, and Paul Gendrop. Pre-Columbian Architecture of Mesoamerica. Translated by Judith Stanton. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1975.
Houston, S. D. Maya Glyphs. London: British Museum Publications, 1989.
Hunter, C. Bruce. A Guide to Ancient
Maya Ruins (2d ed., rev.). Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1986.
Jones, Christopher. Deciphering Maya Hieroglyphs. Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 1984.
Kerr, Justin. The Maya Vase Book (3 vols). With essays by Joseph W. Ball, et al. New York: Kerr Associates, 1989—1992.
Kubler, George. The Art and Architecture of Ancient America. New York: Penguin
Books, 1984.
Landa, Friar Diego. Yucatan before and after the Conquest. Translated with notes by William Gates. New York: Dover Publications, 1978.
Leal, Maricia Castro. Archaeological Mexico. Florence: Casa Editrice Bonechi, 1990.
Maudslay, Alfred P. Biologia Centrali-Americana (Vols. 1 and 2). Edited by F. Du-cane Godman and Osbert Salvin. London: R. H. Porter, 1889—1902.
Mercer, Henry C. The Hill-Caves of Yucatan. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1975.
Meyer, Carolyn, and Charles Gallenkamp. The Mystery of the Ancient Maya. New York: Atheneum, 1985.
Miller, Mary Ellen. The Art of Mesoamerica from Olmec to Aztec. London: Thames and Hudson, 1990.
Morley, Sylvanus G., and George W. Brainerd. The Ancient Maya (4th ed., rev. by Robert J. Sharer). Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1983.
Morris, Earl Halstead. The Temple of the Warriors at Chichen Itza, Yucatan. Washington, D. G: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1931.
National Geographic Society. Lost Empires: Living Tribes. Washington, D. C: National Geographic Society, 1982.
Popol Vuh. Translated by Dennis Tedlock. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1985.
Popol Vuh. English version by Delia Goetz and Sylvanus G. Morley, from the translation of Adrian Recinos. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1991.
Proskouriakoff, Tatiana. An Album of Maya Architecture. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1963.
Ramos, Carolyn. The Art of Mexico.
Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing, 1988.
Reents-Budet, Dorie. "Maya Civilization prior to European Contact". In The Modem Maya, by Macduff Everton. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1991.
Ruz, Alberto. "An Astonishing Discovery: The Noble's Tomb at Palenque". In The World of the Past, edited by Jacquetta Hawkes. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1963.
Sabloff, Jeremy A.:
The Cities of Ancient Mexico. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1989.
The New Archaeology and the Ancient Maya. New York: Scientific American Library, 1990.
Scheffler, Lillian. Uxmal, Kabdh, Sayil. Labnd. Guidebook. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, S. A., 1988.
Schele, Linda, and David Freidel. A Forest of Kings. New York: William Morrow, 1990.
Schele, Linda, and Mary Ellen Miller. The Blood of Kings. Fort Worth, Tex.: Kimbell Art Museum, 1986.
Sharer, Robert J. "The Preclassic Origin of Lowland Maya States", Chapter 9 in New Theories on the Ancient Maya, edited by Elin C. Danien and Robert J. Sharer. Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 1992.
Sodi Morales, Demetrio. The Maya World. Mexico City: Minutiae Mexicana, 1991.
Spinden, Herbert J. A Study of Maya Art. New York: Dover Publications, 1975.
Stephens, John L.:
Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan (2 vols.). New York: Dover Publications, 1969. Incidents of Travel in Yucatan (2 vols.). New York: Dover Publications, 1963.
Stierlin, Henri. Art of the Maya. New York: Rizzoli, 1981.
Stuart, Gene S. America's Ancient Cities. Washington, D. C: National Geographic Society, 1988.
Stuart, George E. "Quest for Decipherment: A Historical and Biographical Survey of Maya Hieroglyphic Investigation". Chapter 1 in New Theories on the Ancient Maya, edited by Elin C. Danien and Robert J. Sharer. Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, 1992.
Stuart, George E., and Gene S. Stuart: Discovering Man's Past in the Americas. Washington, D. C: National Geographic Society, 1973.
The Mysterious Maya. Washington, D. C: National Geographic Society, 1977.
Suarez, Luis. The Yucatan of the Mayas. Translated by R. Kelly and Pilar P. Valdelomar. Leon, Spain: Editorial Everest, S. A., 1980.
Thompson, J. Eric S.:
"The Fall of Classic Mayan Civilization". In The Worid of the Past, edited by Jacquetta Hawkes. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1963.
Maya History and Religion. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990.
Trout, Lawana Hooper. The Maya. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1991.
Varela G, Elizabeth. Uxmal. Mexico City: Ediciones Alducin, 1985.
Von Hagen, Victor Wolfgang. Frederick Catherwood, Architect. New York: Oxford University Press, 1950.
Willard, T. A. The City of the Sacred
Well. New York: Century Company, 1926.
ПЕРИОДИКА
Andrews, Anthony P. "The Maya Rediscovered". Natural History, October 1991.
Aveni, Anthony F., Sharon L. Gibbs, and Horst Hartung. "The Caracol Tower at Chichen Itza: An Ancient Astronomical Observatory?" Science, June 1975.
Brady, James E., and George Veni. "Man-Made and Pseudo-Karst Caves: The Implications of Subsurface Features within Maya Centers". Ceoarchaeotogy: An International journal, 1992, Vol. 7.
Carlson, John B. "America's Ancient Sky-watchers". National Geographic, March 1990.
Сое, Michael D. "A Triumph of Spirit". Archaeology, September/October 1991.
Сое, William R. "Resurrecting the Grandeur of Tikal". National Geographic, December 1975.
Davalos, Eusebio Hurtado. "Into the Well of Sacrifice: Return to the Sacred Cenote". National Geographic, October 1961.
Fash, Barbara W. "Late Classic Architectural Sculpture Themes in Copan". Ancient Mesoamerica, Spring 1992.
Fash, William L. Jr., and Barbara W.
Fash. "Scribes, Warriors, and Kings: 1 he Lives of the Copan Maya". Archaeology, May/June 1990.
Fash, William L., et al. "The Hieroglyphic Stairway and Its Ancestors: Investigations of Copan Structure 10L-26". Ancient Mesoamerica, Spring 1992.
Fasquelle, Ricardo Agurcia, and William L. Fash, Jr.:
"Copan: A Royal Гото Discovered". National Geographic, October 1989. "Maya Artistry Unearthed". National Geographic, September 1991.
Hammond, Norman:
"Precious Stone of Grace". Natural History, August 1991.
"Unearthing the Oldest Known Maya". National Geographic, July 1982.
Hansen, Richard D. "The Maya Rediscovered". Natural History, 1991.
Jones, Christopher. "Maya Hieroglyphs", Expedition, 1985, Vol. 27.
LaFay, Howard. "The Maya, Children of Time". National Geographic, December 1975.
Liulehales, Bates. "Into the Well of Sacrifice: Return to the Sacred Cenote". National Geographic, October 1961.
McConohay, Mary Jo. "Arthur Demarest and the Temple of Doom" Image (San hrancisco Examiner Sunday magazine). August 4, 1991.
Reents-Budet, Dorie. " I he Discovery of a Ceramic Artist and Royal Patron among the Classic Maya". Mexican, November 1987.
Rice, Don S. 'The Maya Rediscovered". Natural History, February 1991.
Roberts, David "The Decipherment of Ancient Maya" The Atlantic Monthly, September 1991.
Ruz, Alberto Lhuillier. "The Mystery of the Temple of the Inscriptions". Translated by J. Alclen Mason. Archaeology, Spring 1953.
Sabloff, Jeremy A. "The Maya Rediscovered". Natural History, January 1991.
Schele, Linda. " Die Maya Rediscovered" Natural History, November 1991.
Stuart, George F.:
"City of Kings and Commoners". National Geographic, October 1989. "Riddle of the Glyphs". National Geographic, December 1975. Ward, fred. "Jade: Stone of Heaven". National Geographic, September 1987.
Другие источники
"Archaeological Prints" Catalog. Kensington, Calif.: John Wolf Prints, 1992.
Banta, Melissa, and Curtis M. Hinsley. "Front Site to Sight". Catalog. Cambridge. Mass.: Peabody Museum, 1986.
Brady, James E. "The Petexbatun Regional Cave Survey: Ritual and Sacred Geography". Paper presented at 47th International Congress of Americanists, New Orleans, July 7-11, 1991.
Couch. N. C. Christopher. "Precolumbian Arts from the Ernest Fricson Collection". Calalog New York: American Museum of Natural History, 1988.
Deleiaillu. Einile. "Tresors du Nouveau Monde". Catalog. Brussels'. Musees Royaiix d'Art el d'Histoire, 1992.
Demarest, Arthur A. "Warfare, Demography, and Tropical Ecology: Speculations on the Parameters of the Maya Collapse" Paper presented at the 89th annual meeting of the American Anthropological Association, November 1990.
"Die Welt der Maya". Catalog. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1992.
Giles, Sue, and Jennifer Steward (Eds.). "The Art of Ruins". Catalog. Bristol, England: City of Bristol Museum and Art Gallery. 1989.
Kowalski, Jeff Karl:
"Uxmal: The Regional Capital of the Eastern PUUC District". Paper prepared for the session Capital Centers in Pre-Columbian America, Annual Meeting of the College Art Association, Northern Illinois University, 1991.
"The PUUC as Seen from Uxmal". Paper prepared for the First Maler Symposium on Archaeology of Northwest Yucatan, Bonn, Germany, August 1990
Parsons, Lee A., John B. Carlson, and Peter David Joralemon. "The Face of Ancient America". Catalog. Indianapolis: Indianapolis Museum of Art, A9&8.
Rensberger, Boyce. "Maya Sculpture Is Largest Found". Washington Post, March 9, 1992.
Wilford, John Noble. "What Doomed the Maya? Maybe Warfare Run Amok". Neiu York Times, November 19. 1991.
